French+Revolution+1789



**Essential Questions **:
 * What is worth fighting for? Who decides?
 * What is the meaning of equality and is it achievable?
 * What is a revolution?

**Objectives** :


 * Explain the meaning of the term revolution
 * Identify and assess the causes of the French Revolution
 * Explain the meaning of key terms and people associated with the Revolution
 * Identify the major events of the French Revolution

** Pair/Share **

 * Report to class **



**What would it be without the privileged order?** It would be all; but free and flourishing. **Nothing will go well without the Third Estate;** everything would go considerably better without the two others.” Emmanuel-Joseph Sieyès - clergyman turned revolutionary
 * Analyze the quote ** – “**What then is the Third Estate?** All. But an ‘all’ that is fettered (chained) and oppressed.




 * What motivates citizens to such extreme measures such a the public execution of their king and queen?
 * What were the social, economic and political conditions in France leading up to the Great Revolution?

[|Marie Antoinette" part 1][|"marie Antoinette" part 2][|Marie - part 3 -Married][|shoes & cake][|Documentary: Marie Antoinette part 2]







= Annotated Timeline of the French Revolution = = Goal: To create a timeline with visuals to help you better understand & remember the big events of the French Revolution= **Reflection**: How many of these events were reactions to one of the causes of the Revolution as identified in text p. 197. (inequality of classes, enlightened ideas, widespread poverty & hunger/cold, poor leadership of Louis XVI, financial crisis) ***Write your reflections to 3 - 5( for the over- achievers) events right underneath your timelines.*** media type="custom" key="21087974"
 * Use your completed - Event Organizer - to help you create the timeline
 * Go to [|dipity.com] and make an account
 * Create a visual timeline with events
 * embed it on your wiki
 * example: The Rights of Man were written to proclaim that all men created equal - this was directly tied to the ideas of the Enlightenment because..........

Louis XVI & Marie Antoinette October 6, 1789 Image Detective: Pose a Question, Look for Clues, Draw a Conclusion

[|See if you are correct/Get the rest of the story]

Mark up & the last hours of Louis XVI's life and complete the APPARTS Chart



[|Reveil de Tiers Etat]



Vive la Revolution!



Primary Source Analysis:
===="Anarchy within, invasion from without. A country cracking from outside pressure, disintegrating from internal strain. Revolution is at its height. War. Inflation. Hunger. Fear. Hate. Sabotage. Fanaticism. Hopes. Boundless idealism ...and the dread that all the gains of the Revolution would be lost. And the faith that if they won, they would bring Liberty, Fraternity, to the world."====

RR Palmer, //Twelve Who Ruled//


[|Mass Graves of Parisians - Cimitiere de Picpus] media type="custom" key="21160364"
 * [[image:http://my.hrw.com/ss2/ss06_07_08/student/images/hwh/nap/w8nafs_napmap016a.jpg width="419" height="315" caption="Map: France, 1793"]] ||  ||   ||

For Review [|French Revolution Overview] [|Declaration of Rights of Man and Citizen]
 * Summary: Add your summary of the Declaration of Rights of Man and Citizen **

**Powerpoint - French Revolution - Radical Stages**





Under the National Convention
Following a series of battles on the Belgian Front to the north and the French Republic had begun to attract the ire of the British who felt inclined to protect the sovereignty of Belgium. The French Republican Army suffered a major defeat with the defection from the revolutionary cause of the commanding general. By 1792, the Republic seemed to be at and end with the foreign armies still menacing her borders and the counterrevolutionary forces ( which included royalists or staunch Catholics) within threatening to pull apart any revolutionary gains. The reorganization of the army under Lazare Carnot gave the Republic new hope. This army used the disciplined ways of the Old Order's army to transform conscripts and volunteers from the ages of 18-25 years of age giving new life to the revolutionary causes and keeping foreign armies at bay.
 * By December of 1793, British forces in Toulon were defeated after a long siege in which the young artillery officer Napoleon Bonaparte fought with distinction.
 * In 1794, the new French Army had crossed back in to retake parts of Belgium and the area called the Rhineland.
 * Also in 1794, Austrian & Prussia withdrew part their forces to resolve a revolt in Poland to partition the kingdom between them.
 * By 1795, the French had won the rights to land across the Rhine & areas of Northern Italy by treaty with the Prussians who were now fighting with the the Austrians over partitioning Poland.
 * The Spanish were preoccupied with the British designs on territory in the West Indies

Under the Directory:
The distrust of the different factions of the Revolution remained even though Robespierre's power the radical Jacobins were seemingly broken. Governing now fell to a complicated & corrupt coalition called the Directory which consisted of 5 members one of which had to be replaced each year. Only taxpaying men over the age of 30 could vote and among the 30- somethings and the older set there was a lot of distrust and corruption. It was evident to the ordinary person that the "perks" that elected officials shared were drastically different than the average citoyen/citoyenne (citizen). The stage was set for a rising young Corsican officer, an outsider to the normal political arena, to rise.

The Revolutionary Victories: > ===Result: all of Northern Italy into his hands=== > ===Peace of Campo Formio- Austrians force to recognize Francepossession of Belgium & Rhineland===
 * ===1796 Lodi - Napoleon & 30,00 troops separated the Austrians from their Italian allies. & won passage into Milan===
 * ===August 1796 - Castiglione - victory===
 * ===September 1796 - Bassano - victory===
 * ===November 1796 - Arcola - victory===
 * ===January 1797 - Rivoli- victory===
 * ===April 1797 - Pushed his army to 62 miles of Vienna===

Egyptian Expedition - May 1798
====Directory financed Napoleon's dream: the conquest of Egypt. May of 1798, Napoleon left Toulon and seized the island of Malta on the way with a fleet of 55 warships and 38,000 of elite forces, several hundred administrators, artists, writers - to break the bond of the feudalistic Mameluke Empire establish a modern state.==== > ==inconclusive battle - Napoleon fled the battlefield for France==
 * ==July 1797 - Pyramids victory==
 * ==August 1797 - British Fleet under Horatio Nelson annihilated French Fleet at Abukir - LOSS==
 * ==Napoleon's Army marched east to meet the army of the sultan of the Ottoman Empire - real rulers of Northern Egypt in name only==

Result: French troops left behind under General Kleber - assassinated June 1800 - British now in control of Egypt for their part in repelling the French.
==October 1799 - Napoleon arrived in Paris and in 2 months arranged for the plebiscite - vote to ratify the fait accompli - Napoleon's "coup d'etat" - which followed on February 1800 - the vote (7 million potential voters - 3 million cast affirmative ballots; the rest abstained)==

Napoleon named First Consul named for 10 yrs. with full executive powers and even a share of legislative power since it was his responsibility to propose laws


[|Genius of Napoleon] [|Rise of Napoleon]



Activity: Create a web of Napoleon's Domestic Policies Note: These changes will extend to all new French Territory as well***

Napoleon's Campaign in Russia

Image Detective: Pose a Question, Look for Evidence in Painting, Conclude. Confer with Classmate Paragraph #1 What is the artist's POV? One soldier’s account of the Grand Army’s retreat from Russia “The carriages, drawn by tired and underfed horses, were travelling fourteen and fifteen hours of the twenty-four…Having left Moscow with us,….[the carriages] had had to take up the wounded….They were put on the top seats of the carts.

At the least jolt, those who were most insecurely placed fell; the drivers took no care. The driver following…..for fear of stopping and losing his place….would drive pitilessly on over the body of the wretch who had fallen.”

Where in the [|World is Elba] & [|What's would it be like there?] Paragraph #2 - Examine Napoleon's first exile in Elba. Consider location & conditions. According to your text or other website(cite your sources) how long is his stay on Elba? What's next for the Emperor?Retirement.....Really?

[|Exile at Elba]

Napoleon Returns


[|Napoleon Waterloo]

Exile on St Helena


Examine Napoleon's second exile. Consider location & conditions ...How do they compare with his previous exile. According to your text or other website(cite your sources) how long is his stay on St Helena? What's next for the Emperor? Retirement.....other?

[|Napoleon's Final Exile]

Napoleon: Hero or Tyrant?
Complete the Graphic Organizer for the PBS site. You will use this to organize your thoughts and write your feature article on Napoleon I(yes there was a 2nd & 3rd so be careful with selecting your image of him!)

[] [|Napoleon's Quotes]

[|Transition Words]

Use your text to diagram the outcomes of the Congress of Vienna - 1815


[|Interactive Map Europe After Napoleon]